What are the activities involved in surveillance?

In general, public health surveillance involves collecting, testing, analyzing, and using information or biospecimens to improve public health and prevent disease. It provides timely and useful evidence, and it enables public health authorities to be more effective in their efforts to protect and promote public health.


What are the core activities of surveillance?

These include case detection, registration and confirmation of health related events, reporting, analysis and interpretation of surveillance data, outbreak response and feedback to surveillance system users and decision makers.

What are the 5 steps of surveillance?

Steps in planning a surveillance system
  • Establish objectives.
  • Develop case definitions.
  • Determine data sources data-collection mechanism (type of system)
  • Determine data-collection instruments.
  • Field-test methods.
  • Develop and test analytic approach.
  • Develop dissemination mechanism.
  • Assure use of analysis and interpretation.


What are the 4 types of surveillance?

Types of Surveillance in Criminal Investigations
  • Electronic Monitoring. Electronic monitoring, or wiretapping, refers to the surveillance of email, fax, Internet and telephone communications. ...
  • Fixed Surveillance. ...
  • Stationary Technical Surveillance. ...
  • Three-Person Surveillance. ...
  • Undercover Operations.


What is the process of surveillance?

Process surveillance is the review of practices by staff directly related to resident care to identify whether facility IPC program policies and procedure are being followed. Examples of process surveillance may include: Hand hygiene.


Public Health Surveillance – a brief overview



What are the three basic surveillance methods?

Common Forms of Surveillance
  • Interviews – For a missing person investigation, interviews are paramount to understanding the subject. ...
  • Physical observation – Physical observation is common for spousal investigations. ...
  • Electronic – Electronic monitoring is often the tool of choice among investigators.


What are the three types of surveillance techniques?

Different surveillance methods
  • Electronic surveillance – Electronic surveillance equipment is often the most used tool during an investigation. ...
  • Interviews – Interviews are far less common, but they can serve a purpose in certain investigations. ...
  • Observation – You can gather a lot of information just by observing someone.


What is the most common form of surveillance?

Video cameras are one of the most common methods of surveillance.


What are the examples of surveillance?

Generally, surveillance is electronic or fixed. Electronic surveillance includes wiretapping, bugging, videotaping, geolocation tracking, data mining, social media mapping, and the monitoring of data and traffic on the internet.

What are the main types of surveillance?

Covert vs Overt Surveillance

Covert surveillance refers to techniques used which are hidden or disguised so that the subject does not know they are being monitored or watched. Overt surveillance refers to the use of devices which are visible and recognisable such as a signposted CCTV system.

What are the principles of surveillance?

As in disasters, the principles of surveillance (data collection, data analysis, response to data, and assessment of response) and other public health techniques should be an integral part of relief efforts. Retrospective evaluation of these efforts has also proved useful (CDC 1983).


What are three purposes of surveillance?

Representation, to provide an accurate picture of the temporal trend of the disease; Sensitivity, to allow identification of individual persons with disease to facilitate treatment; quarantine, or other appropriate control measures; and. Specificity, to exclude persons not having disease.

What are surveillance Behaviours?

Domestic and family violence behaviours that involve a perpetrator following, harassing or monitoring the victim are forms of stalking or surveillance designed to deprive the victim of privacy, autonomy and a sense of safety.

What is the main function of surveillance?

Surveillance is the collection, analysis, and dissemination of results for the purpose of prevention. Surveillance tells us what our problems are, how big they are, where the solutions should be directed, how well (or poorly) our solutions have worked, and if, over time, there is improvement or deterioration.


What is an example of active surveillance?

Active surveillance is a process whereby state or local agencies actually look for evidence of disease risk. For example, when trying to find if a certain virus carried by mosquitoes is in Texas, mosquitoes are collected and sent to the lab for testing.

What is active surveillance methods?

Listen to pronunciation. (AK-tiv ser-VAY-lents) A treatment plan that involves closely watching a patient's condition but not giving any treatment unless there are changes in test results that show the condition is getting worse.

How do you identify surveillance?

7 Ways to Spot Hidden Cameras
  1. Look for Odd Objects. It's a good practice to thoroughly scan your surroundings whenever you enter a new room. ...
  2. Use a Flashlight. ...
  3. Use Your Smartphone Camera. ...
  4. Scan the Wi-Fi Network. ...
  5. Use a Phone Call to Detect Interference. ...
  6. Use a Hidden Camera Detector App. ...
  7. Use a Specialized RF Detector.


How is surveillance detected?

Surveillance is primarily detected by noticing correlations to the target. Since in this case, you yourself are the target, the challenge is to spot if someone is correlating to you even though they're purposely trying to do this behind you or at angles that are purposely outside your field of vision.

What do surveillance investigators do?

Surveillance investigators research, locate, and investigate individuals through surveillance methods. They monitor, record, and assess individuals, places, and events and report their findings to their contracted employers or organizations.

What are natural surveillance examples?

Plants such as low hedges and shrubs, creepers, ground covers and high-canopied vegetation are good for natural surveillance.


What does it mean to keep someone under surveillance?

: to watch (someone or something) closely especially in order to prevent or detect a crime. The police kept her/the building under surveillance.

What is considered surveillance abuse?

Surveillance abuse is the use of surveillance methods or technology to monitor the activity of an individual or group of individuals in a way which violates the social norms or laws of a society.

What is the most common type of surveillance in the private sector?

Video Surveillance – This is the most common type of surveillance system, which is used as a crime deterrent as well as for crime detection.


Which of the following are surveillance techniques?

What are the techniques of surveillance?
  • Physical Surveillance. Long before technological advancement, surveillance was all about trusting the human eye. ...
  • Audio Surveillance. Audio surveillance technique is a more sophisticated type of surveillance, used majorly by investigators. ...
  • Video Surveillance. ...
  • Vehicular Surveillance.


What types of crime is surveillance used for?

Covert and overt surveillance is a useful and effective tool for gathering information on a person or group and surveillance is typically used as part of an investigation into workplace crime, insurance fraud and other illegal activities.