Which countries are owing China?

Many developing nations owe China significant debt, primarily through loans for infrastructure under the Belt and Road Initiative, with Pakistan, Angola, Sri Lanka, Ethiopia, and Kenya frequently listed among the largest debtors in absolute terms; however, countries like Djibouti, Laos, and Zambia are heavily indebted relative to their national GDPs, facing budget strains to service these loans.

What countries owe money to China?

As of 2021, the East African nation owes China $12.7 billion (£10.2bn).

• Democratic Republic of Congo: $13.1 billion (£10.5bn) total debt. ...
• Myanmar: $13.7 billion (£11bn) total debt. ...
• Nigeria: $14.5 billion (£11.7bn) total debt. ...
• Egypt: $15 billion (£12bn) total debt. ...
• Malaysia: $15.9 billion (£12.8bn) total debt.

Does the USA still owe China?

Key Takeaways. China owns approximately $859.4 billion in U.S. debt, about 2.6% of the total U.S. debt. Japan surpasses China as the top foreign holder of U.S. debt, with $1.1 trillion. The U.S. government itself holds the largest portion of U.S. debt, primarily through trust funds.

Which country does China want to claim?

The Taiwan Area since then has become the major territorial base of the ROC. Though never having control of it, the Chinese Communist Party (CCP)-led People's Republic of China (PRC) claims Taiwan as an inalienable province of China.

Which country owes the most debt?

The United States owes the most total government debt in absolute dollar amounts, exceeding $30 trillion, followed by China and Japan, but when measured as a percentage of economic output (debt-to-GDP), countries like Sudan, Japan, and Singapore rank higher. The U.S. has the highest external debt and relies on global trust, while other nations face crises due to rising interest rates, with China also emerging as a major lender through initiatives like Belt and Road. 

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Which country has zero debt?

As the world's biggest gambling hub, Macao SAR has zero debt, bolstered by billions in gaming revenue and healthy financial reserves. Liechtenstein ranks in second, with virtually no debt and the only country in Europe ranking in the top 10.

Who owns over 70% of the US debt?

Who owns the most U.S. debt? Around 70-80 percent of U.S. debt is held by domestic financial actors and institutions in the United States. U.S. Treasuries represent a convenient, liquid, low-risk store of value.

Why can't China just let Taiwan go?

The CCP and the PRC government oppose Taiwanese independence, believing that Taiwan and mainland China comprise two portions of a single country's territory, and regards any moves toward independence as potentially triggering a military response under the Anti-Secession Law.

Which country can replace China?

1 – Vietnam

As well as cheap labour and stable politics, the country boasts increasingly liberalised trade and investment policies that make it an attractive place for businesses looking to diversify out of China.

Who gave Taiwan back to China?

On 25 October 1945, Japan handed over Taiwan and Penghu to the Republic of China, as a result of World War II. This marked the end of Japanese rule and the beginning of post-war era of Taiwan. This event was referred to by the Republic of China as the retrocession of Taiwan (臺灣光復).

Who does the US owe 36 trillion to?

The U.S. owes its $36 trillion national debt to a mix of domestic investors (like banks, mutual funds, and individuals), U.S. government accounts (like Social Security), the Federal Reserve, and foreign investors, with Japan, the UK, and China being the largest foreign holders, primarily through purchasing U.S. Treasury bonds. The largest portion is held domestically, but foreign entities hold trillions, making countries like Japan and China significant lenders.
 

Can the US get out of debt?

Yes, the U.S. can get out of debt, but it requires significant, often controversial, fiscal changes like substantial spending cuts (Social Security, Medicare), tax increases, or boosting economic growth dramatically; most economists agree a combination of spending reductions and revenue increases is needed to make the debt sustainable, as growing out of it alone is unlikely given current spending demands.
 

What country owes America the most money?

The U.S. owes the most money to Japan, which holds the largest amount of U.S. Treasury securities among foreign countries, followed by the United Kingdom and China as the next biggest foreign holders of American debt, according to data from 2024 and 2025. 

What would happen if China sold U.S. debt?

Since the U.S. dollar has a variable exchange rate, however, any sale by any nation holding huge U.S. debt or dollar reserves will trigger the adjustment of the trade balance at the international level. The offloaded U.S. reserves by China will either end up with another nation or will return to the U.S.

Is China in more debt than the USA?

While the U.S. has just over double the value of China's government debt, the annual increase in both countries' government debt in 2025 wasn't quite as significant. Government debt in the U.S. grew by $2.9 trillion in 2025, while China's grew by $2.2 trillion.

Who finances China's debt?

A current account surplus means the same growth in domestic credit is financed from domestic savings. Debt financed by domestic savings is more likely to roll over in bad times, and thus less likely to trigger a crisis. Basically, Chinese households' savings financed the nation's ballooning corporate debt.

Who is military stronger, China or America?

No, the U.S. military is generally considered stronger overall due to unmatched technology, global reach, and higher spending, but China's People's Liberation Army (PLA) has rapidly modernized, rivals or surpasses the U.S. in some areas like ship numbers, and presents a significant challenge, especially in conflicts near China's shores, though the U.S. maintains superiority in key domains like nuclear power, advanced aircraft carriers, and nuclear submarines.
 

What is the 0.1% rule in China?

Remarkably, China has, for the first time, invoked its De Minimis Rule and Foreign Product Rule in practice, specifying that certain rare earth products produced outside China and containing 0.1% or more by value are subject to control.

Why US manufacturers can't quit China?

- Why do U.S. manufacturers rely so heavily on China for production? U.S. manufacturers rely on China primarily because of its low-cost labor, advanced manufacturing infrastructure, and efficient supply chains. These factors make it difficult for companies to produce goods at the same cost and scale in other countries.

Does anyone in Taiwan want to rejoin China?

Most Taiwanese people oppose joining PRC for various reasons, including fears of the loss of Taiwan's democracy, human rights, and Taiwanese nationalism. Opponents either favor maintaining the status quo of the Republic of China administrating Taiwan or the pursuit of Taiwan independence.

Does the US legally have to defend Taiwan?

The TRA requires the United States to have a policy "to provide Taiwan with arms of a defensive character" and "to maintain the capacity of the United States to resist any resort to force or other forms of coercion that would jeopardize the security, or the social or economic system, of the people on Taiwan".

Who is more powerful, China or Taiwan?

Key Takeaways

• Mainland China has a significantly larger military force, with over four times the personnel and substantially more tanks, artillery, and aircraft than Taiwan.
• Taiwan matches Mainland China in landing ships/transport docks and exceeds China in transport aircraft.

How many Americans are 100% debt free?

Around 23% of Americans are debt free, according to the most recent data available from the Federal Reserve.

What would happen if the US paid off all its debt?

If the U.S. paid off all its debt, it would trigger an economic crisis by eliminating safe investment options (Treasury bonds), causing a massive cash glut, crashing interest rates, disrupting monetary policy (Federal Reserve operations), forcing cuts in government services/spending, and potentially leading to a depression as the economy would lose its primary safe asset, disrupting the entire global financial system that relies on U.S. debt. The process itself, whether through extreme taxes or printing money, would likely cause hyperinflation or deep recession, while the end result removes a critical benchmark for the global economy.
 

Who owns the 35 trillion in US debt?

Who Owns All that Debt? On October 21, 2025, the nation's gross debt eclipsed $38 trillion. Of that amount, approximately 80 percent, was debt held by the public — representing cash borrowed from domestic and foreign investors.